Being charged with a crime in Michigan is stressful and overwhelming, especially for those experiencing the criminal justice system for the first time. Whether the charge involves OWI, assault, theft, or anything in between, understanding the process can help you make informed decisions and avoid costly mistakes.
Step 1: Arrest or Citation
A criminal case typically begins when a person is arrested, issued a citation, or later notified that charges were filed. Police must have probable cause to make an arrest, and anything said during or after the arrest can be used in court.
Step 2: Arraignment
The arraignment is the first court appearance. During this stage:
- The judge explains the charges
- Bond is set
- Conditions of release are assigned
- A plea of not guilty is usually entered
Bond conditions may include no contact orders, travel limits, drug testing, or alcohol restrictions.
Step 3: Pre-Trial Conferences
This phase includes meetings where the defense, prosecutor, and judge discuss the case. Evidence is exchanged and reviewed, investigations begin, and plea negotiations may occur. Many cases resolve during this stage.
Step 4: Motions
Your attorney may file motions to challenge or exclude evidence, dismiss charges, or require the prosecution to provide additional materials. These motions can significantly affect the strength of the case.
Step 5: Trial
If the case cannot be resolved, it proceeds to trial. A trial may be held before a jury or only a judge. The prosecution must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, while the defense challenges witnesses, examines evidence, and protects constitutional rights.
Step 6: Sentencing
If a conviction occurs, the judge imposes a sentence based on Michigan’s guidelines, the person’s criminal history, and the details of the case. Sentences may include probation, treatment programs, community service, fines, or jail time.
Why Hiring a Michigan Defense Attorney Early Matters
Having legal representation early in the process helps protect your rights, prevent self-incrimination, and strengthen your defense. An attorney can negotiate reductions, challenge unlawful evidence, and help you make informed decisions at every step.
Conclusion
The Michigan criminal justice process can be intimidating, but knowing what to expect helps you stay in control. With the guidance of an experienced defense attorney, you can pursue the best possible outcome for your case.
